This lab demonstrates a common vulnerability where sensitive information is exposed through a debug page. Applications often include diagnostic or debugging interfaces intended for development or administrative purposes. When these pages are accessible in production environments without proper access controls, they…
In the world of cybersecurity, the “Human Layer” remains the most targeted vulnerability. Despite the millions spent on sophisticated firewalls and EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response) tools, a single poorly handled email can bypass it all. Email hygiene is the…
We are all familiar with the feeling: the to-do list never ends, the emails keep piling up, and there just aren’t enough hours in the day. While the media often focuses on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the context of complex…
In this lab, the application is vulnerable to information disclosure through detailed error messages. When unexpected input is provided to the server, it responds with a stack trace that reveals internal framework details. This type of vulnerability can expose sensitive…
Introduction: The Blind OS Command Injection with Out-of-Band Data Exfiltration lab from the PortSwigger Web Security Academy illustrates how an attacker can exploit command injection vulnerabilities to exfiltrate data indirectly. Unlike traditional command injection payloads that rely on immediate output, this technique…
In the rapidly evolving landscape of information technology and cybersecurity, terminology is often abused. Marketing hype frequently conflates “automation” with “Artificial Intelligence (AI),” leading to inflated expectations and misaligned tech stacks. For IT professionals and security analysts responsible for infrastructure and data defense,…
Introduction: The “Blind OS Command Injection with Out-of-Band Interaction” lab in the PortSwigger Web Security Academy exemplifies how attackers can detect and exploit command injection vulnerabilities even when the application provides no direct feedback. By leveraging external services, attackers can infer successful exploitation through…
Introduction: The “Blind OS Command Injection with Output Redirection” lab from the PortSwigger Web Security Academy illustrates a more sophisticated variation of command injection. Rather than relying on time delays or direct output, this technique leverages file system redirection to capture command results. This…
Introduction: Password reset mechanisms serve as critical recovery pathways for users who have lost access to their accounts. However, flawed implementation of these systems can introduce severe vulnerabilities that allow attackers to hijack accounts without legitimate ownership. This lab demonstrates how broken…
Introduction: Timing-based vulnerabilities represent a sophisticated class of side-channel attacks that exploit variations in response times to extract sensitive information. This lab demonstrates how applications can inadvertently leak the existence of valid user accounts through measurable differences in processing time. Unlike traditional enumeration methods…
